Naming a Beneficiary on your Insurance & Investment Policies

In Ontario, the value of naming a beneficiary versus leaving money to your estate is significant.  

If you name a beneficiary, an insurance company is obligated, under the Insurance Act, to pay any death benefit proceeds to the named beneficiary on record. Because the death benefit proceeds do not pass through the estate, they not only avoid the delays of settling the estate but also bypass probate and other estate administration fees. In Ontario, probate fees on assets over $50,000 are 1.5%. Other estate administration, accounting and legal fees could be another 5% or more depending on the complexity of the estate.

The other reason to name a beneficiary is it makes the transaction private. Unlike a will - which becomes a public document, available for anyone to see when it goes to probate - naming a beneficiary means that only the person named needs to know the specifics. The extra privacy can prevent jealousy and tension among those named (or not named) in a will and reduce bad feelings over "getting my fair share".

Do you have a Life Insurance Policy, a Registered Investment Policy (e.g. a RRSP) or a Segregated Fund Investment Policy? All of these should have both a primary and a contingent beneficiary named on the policy (not in your will).

If you're not sure whether you have named a beneficiary, get in touch with me and I'll be pleased to help you out.

Estate Planning - it's never too early

In a recent article in The Toronto Star, Gordon Pape talked about tax efficient investments. Depending on whether your investments generate interest, dividends or capital gains, their tax rates vary. For example, if your income is from Canadian dividends, you could save $157.10 of tax for every $1,000 received, compared to interest income.

As per Wikipedia,

Estate planning is the process of anticipating and arranging for the disposal of an estate during a person's life. Estate planning typically attempts to eliminate uncertainties over the administration of a probate and maximize the value of the estate by reducing taxes and other expenses.

In reality, we should start estate planning early in life, as building your estate is step one of estate planning.

I often get asked by people where they should invest their money - paying off debts, paying off their mortgage, in an RRSP, in a TFSA, in real estate, etc. There is no correct answer, as many factors contribute to estate planning.

From a retirement perspective, your sources of income vary by how flexible they are. That is true based on when you can take the money, the flexibility of taking the money and how tax efficient during both the accumulation and withdrawal phases they are. In order of least to most flexible at retirement, most advisors would itemize them as follows:

1. OAS - money may be claw-backed starting at incomes of $71,492
2. CPP - can be started between age 60 and 70; can be shared by spouses; is considered taxable income
3. Annuity - once started, it continues for life; there may be guarantees; tax rates vary depending on the source of the original funds (e.g. registered or not)
4. Employment Income - is always taxed, but you may be able to decide how much you work and earn; if you are under 65, you may need to pay CPP on this earned income
5. Work Place Pensions - both Defined Benefit and Defined Contribution; can be shared by spouses
6. RRSP - at 71 must be converted to a RRIF or Annuity or cashed in (not recommended); watch the attribution rule for Spousal RRSPs
7. Non-registered investments - you paid tax through the accumulation phase, but they are normally not taxed when you spend the money
8. TFSA - growth is tax free. Current limit if you have not opened an account yet is $36,500; they are normally not taxed when you spend the money

At any stage of life, you want to minimize the amount of tax you pay. You really need to contact a Tax Accountant for complete advice.

Review of financial markets

I would like to wish you a happy, healthy new year. This post will provide you with a brief update on financial markets and my thoughts on what may lie ahead.

The global economy in aggregate continued to strengthen in 2014, although the improvement, as has been the case through most of the current recovery, was uneven. After shrinking in the first quarter, the U.S. economy grew at a much stronger rate than expected in the second half of the year. While not as robust, Canada’s economy also registered encouraging signs of improvement during 2014. In other regions, geopolitical events such as conflict in Ukraine and the Middle East, slower growth in China and the risk of deflation in Europe affected financial markets. Overall, the global expansion moved cautiously forward.

Global financial markets also started the year on a hesitant note, but benefited from improving economic trends and strong corporate profits through the spring and summer months. Most equity indexes were positive through the end of the third quarter, but volatile conditions surfaced in the fourth quarter as investors began to focus on the slowing pace of growth in emerging markets, particularly China. Concerns about oversupply in the energy market caused a sharp drop in the price of oil and other commodities, which was felt broadly across many markets and sectors. The price per barrel of crude dropped to less than US$50 at the start of 2015, the lowest since 2009.

Canada’s commodity-heavy S&P/TSX Composite Index was particularly volatile in the fourth quarter, staging a series of sharp declines and rebounds. The Canadian index finished the three-month period with a loss of 1.5%, but registered a respectable gain of 10.6% for the year. The falling price of oil, which is a major Canadian export product, also caused the Canadian dollar to lose value relative to the U.S. dollar. The loonie finished the year about 8% lower at 86.2 cents U.S.

The MSCI World Index, which measures large and mid-cap equities across 23 developed markets, gained 5.5% for the year in U.S. dollar terms. Accounting for the Canadian dollar’s decline, however, this gain was magnified to 15.1% for Canadian investors. The performance of the World Index reflected generally weaker results in emerging and developed markets outside North America and the robust gains for U.S. equities. The benchmark S&P 500 Index benefited from strong U.S. economic trends, growing consumer and business confidence and healthy corporate profits, adding 13.7% in 2014. Again, Canadian investors in U.S. stocks benefited from the decline in the value of our own currency, with the U.S. market up 24% in Canadian dollar terms.

 
Turning to fixed-income markets, the moderate pace of global economic activity in 2014 meant that monetary policy remained highly accommodative to growth. Although the U.S. Federal Reserve officially ended the asset purchase programs it had used to stimulate the economy since 2009, central banks in Europe, China and Japan took steps to keep interest rates low, their currencies weak and their export markets competitive. Bonds performed well in this environment. The FTSE TMX Canada Universe Bond Index, a measure of Canadian government and investment-grade corporate bonds, added 2.7% in the fourth quarter for a gain of nearly 8.8% for the year.

As we head into 2015, the global economy continues to slowly expand. Although interest rates remain low, there are some indications that rates, at least in North America, could begin to move higher in the coming year, which could be a headwind for fixed-income investments. Nearly six years after the financial crisis, equities have delivered generally positive results, but markets are cyclical, and it is always difficult to predict their direction in any given year. While the sharp drop in oil prices has weighed on the Canadian equity market in particular, it is important to remember that asset classes, industry sectors and geographic markets often move in divergent directions. Lower oil prices, for example, can be positive for other sectors as they strengthen consumer confidence and reduce costs for manufacturers, transportation companies and related industries.

In my view, recent market events support the case for maintaining a portfolio that is well diversified across asset classes, geographies and industry sectors. Diversification will help to maximize returns for your portfolio, while mitigating risks as they occur, including currency and interest rate movements.

I hope you find this overview helpful. We work hard to develop the portfolio that best reflects your long-term financial goals and tolerance for risk. Should you have questions about your investments or any other issue, please feel free to give me a call. I wish you all the best in 2015.

 

The information in this post is derived from various sources, including CI Investments, Signature Global Asset Management, Cambridge Global Asset Management, Globe and Mail, National Post, Bloomberg, Yahoo Canada Finance, and Trading Economics. Index information was provided by TD Newcrest and PC Bond, and all quoted equity index returns are on a total return basis (including dividends). This material is provided for general information and is subject to change without notice. Every effort has been made to compile this material from reliable sources; however, no warranty can be made as to its accuracy or completeness. Before acting on any of the above, please contact me for individual financial advice based on your personal circumstances.

Diversity in your investment portfolio

I will periodically be posting information that I think is of interest and that I have received.

 

Canadians who diversified their equity exposure and invested in US Equities in 2014 made a wise decision.  The S&P 500 is up 12% YTD while the S&P TSX has done roughly 6% (price only).  With 2015 around the corner this trend looks likely to continue.  The Canadian consumer remains highly leveraged, our housing market is overvalued and a slumping oil price means eastern provinces will be under pressure to pick up the slack from those in the west.  By contrast, the US housing market looks stable, unemployment levels continue to fall and as this week’s Muse explains, American consumers are in a better position to spend in 2015 than they have been for years.

Key Takeaways

Widespread spending

• ‘I don’t think there’s a single headwind for consumers, it’s all tailwinds blowing at different strengths’ said Mark Zandi, chief economist for Moody’s Analytics Inc.
• According to a Bloomberg survey, spending is anticipated to increase by 2.7% in 2015, compared to the 2.2% growth seen in the first three quarters of 2014
• ‘We don’t have all our eggs in one basket anymore where we’re just relying on the wealthy to drive spending’ said Ellen Zentner, a senior economist at Morgan Stanley

Broad-based Hiring

• The breadth of industries hiring last month was the most extensive since 1998, a strong sign that the expansion is having widespread benefits on the economy
• Weekly earnings adjusted for inflation climbed 0.9% on average last month, the biggest increase in six years
• Consumers’ incomes are forecast to grow 1.8% over the next 12 months, the most since 2008 according to a Thomson Reuters/U of Michigan consumer sentiment surve

Middle Class

• Research by Goldman Sachs economists shows that middle-income households spend the most on gasoline as a share of total household purchases
• Furniture stores, vehicle dealers, clothing outlets, restaurants and hotels are among the retailers that benefit the most from wage growth and accessible credit, according to Morgan Stanley
• ‘You’ve got your debt down to levels that are reasonable, your labor market conditions are making some really significant gains, so people are feeling much more comfortable and they’re willing to spend’ said Michael Carey, chief economist at Credit Agricole CIB.  Carey forecast a 2.9% increase in spending for 2015

LINK: http://www.bloomberg.com/news/2014-12-19/americans-seen-getting-groove-back-with-spending-burst-in-2015.html

While there are clearly many signs that the American consumer will help to propel the US economy in 2015, especially given the current exchange rate, prudent investors will be careful not to overexpose their portfolios to US stocks.  The unpredictable nature of the markets should be enough to remind investors to focus on their long-term goals and seek a reasonable growth rate. 

Happy Holidays,

Information provided by Great West Life

 

Virtual Shoebox 

 

The Canadian Life and Health Insurance Association Inc. has developed an extensive Virtual Shoebox. It is a document that encompasses an inventory of all of your personal and household financial information.   If you have ever had to go through someone else's documentation after they became sick or died - you would make sure that you kept a document like this up to date.   You can get the form on line (click here) or I can get you a hard copy (if you prefer). Just send me an email with your mailing address and I'll send it off to you.

A list of documents you need to gather

Can you imagine what would happen if you died and your beneficiaries didn’t know where to find your will? Or your money? To make sure this doesn’t happen to your family, always have the following key documents safely stored together in a place where they can easily be found:

1. Your will: Outlines who gets what when you die. It also appoints guardians for your underage children. Without a will, your assets will be divided according to provincial law, not your own wishes. Worse, your children might end up not living with the guardian of your choice.
2. A living will: Spells out how you want to be treated if you are unable to make decisions about your own health (i.e., whether you want to receive life-sustaining treatments like respiration or resuscitation or whether you want organs donated).
3. A power of attorney: Gives someone the power to make financial decisions for you in the event you’re no longer able to do so. Without this document, the courts will have to appoint a guardian to look after your affairs, and that can take a lot of time – and money. NOTE: You should ensure that there is a second signature on all of your bank accounts as well.
4. Proof of ownership: Gather together all documents that show you own your house, land, vehicles, stocks and any other assets. Without these, your family might not know what you own or be able to prove it.
5. Three years of tax returns: Tax returns give your executor a sense of the assets and finances that are part of your estate.
6. A list of bank accounts and safety deposit boxes: According to the Bank of Canada, there are approximately 1.3 million unclaimed balances in Canada worth some $465 million. You want your family to be able to find your money – show them where it is by listing all your accounts.
7. Stock certificates and savings bonds: Hang onto your investment account statements and store them safely with your certificates (if you have any on paper), so your family can easily determine exactly what you own.
8. Pension, retirement and annuity documents: Help your family access any remaining retirement benefits they are eligible for through your retirement plan. If you’re getting money from an annuity, the contract will help your beneficiaries understand what they are entitled to and from which company.
9. Insurance policies: You bought insurance so your loved ones would be financially covered when you die, so be sure to keep copies of all insurance-related documents on hand so your family will know what policies you have.
10. A list of your debts and loans: A list like this will ensure your family won’t end up having any unwanted surprises down the road, such as debts they did not know about.
11. Marriage licence and/or divorce papers: Legal proof of marriage and divorce can make it easier for the executor of your estate and for your family.
12. Your user names and passwords: With social media and online accounts becoming increasingly important, you want to be sure your loved ones will be able to access your accounts.
13. Contact information: Do you have a lawyer, financial planner, or other professionals who assist you.

Make sure that their names and contact information are also listed.
Review your list once a year to ensure that it’s kept up to date.

Keep on top of your money

Back in May 2009, I came up with a "Tweet" of a Financial Plan - Control debt. Review insurance to protect lifestyle. Monitor spending. Save. Be tax smart. Develop & audit plan. Update will. Review planRecently, I saw an article in the Toronto Star - Improve your finances in just 30 minutes.

Both can be summarized the same way - be organized, have a system in place and stick with it. We'd all like life to be easy and not have to think about money and the "what ifs", but unfortunately, that's not reality. So the real question is how do you take care of your finances for both the planned and unplanned expenses in life without the planning getting out of control.

The system I recommend is to set aside some time every week or month to do these tasks. When you receive your mail, put all of the financial related items into an envelope or file folder. Similarly, take all the receipts out of your pockets and wallet and put them into the envelope as well.

Sit down regularly to go through this package and to ensure:
· There are no mistakes / unexplained charges on any of your bills
· Have a file folder for receipts you need to keep - items you'll declare as expenses on your taxes, warranty items, bills for repairs, etc.
· Once you've matched receipts to your bills for items like groceries, discard them

I use software to keep track of my expenses. I download my statements directly from my financial institutions and categorize everything. This way, at tax time, I can run a report and have summary numbers for all of my expenses.

At the same time as you are reviewing your statements, pay your bills. Most on-line banking systems let you date a payment for the future. If you pay by check, write it out and have it ready for when you want to send it out.

At the same time, set up a monthly rotation to review ongoing expenses such as your home and car insurance, life insurance, saving plans (RRSP, RESP, TFSA, etc), budget, etc.

Using a system ensures that you use a minimum amount of time for these tasks, and that you don't have to worry again.

The more things change, the more they stay the same

We've all heard this proverb and have all probably used it, but what does it mean in your everyday life?

This week, I went on line and bought tickets, posted pictures and checked bus schedules - all activities that a few years ago would have required phone calls and / or a trip out of my office to accomplish. I spoke to a friend half way around the world on Skype for nothing (versus the expensive long distance phone call of 15 years ago). I could go on - we all have examples from our day to day lives.

The fundamentals of financial and estate planning have not changed. We are all concerned that we might outlive our money or whether we can maintain our standard of living for ourselves and our families - no matter what happens. What have you done about this? Many people bury their head in the sand and hope that nothing serious happens. Some people have reviewed their plans with a professional and know what would happen if - and many of these people are pleased to learn that they are in a much better position than they thought they were in.

Would you like to be one of the people who knows for sure? I am offering a confidential, complementary review of your current situation along with suggestions on how to ensure that you can maintain your lifestyle - to my clients and readers of this newsletter

Do you have money put aside in case of an emergency?

From the 1970s through to the 1990s, this was a no-brainer, as interest rates were relatively good on the usual savings vehicles — high-interest savings accounts and Canada Savings Bonds. But in the last decade or so, interest rates have dropped to record lows, credit has become more easily available, and we have started expecting portfolio returns significantly higher than an emergency fund would generate.

So it's understandable that the emergency account would disappear from a lot of people’s lives.

In the current economic climate, credit has been tougher to obtain and unemployment rates are rising rapidly; EI pays very little compared to many people's spend-what-you-earn lifestyle, and using a home equity line of credit in a period of declining real estate values is neither wise nor likely possible. Thanks to all that, an emergency fund is an absolute must in these economic times.

The main reasons for creating an emergency fund are to provide protection in the event of a layoff; to provide cash in the event of a sudden disability or illness requiring time off work; and to provide funds for any other possible emergency (e.g. a new roof for the home, a new furnace, car repairs, etc.).

What's in a fund?
Creating an emergency fund does not mean investing aggressively in an equity portfolio and selling when the going gets good — the money needs to be safe and secure. It should also be liquid, so that you can get easy access to your cash if need be, but it shouldn't be so accessible that it can be frittered away.

Saving grace

While this account won't be the one you use to save up for that expensive house on the beach, the more you can save the better. Still, make sure that you know that the fund isn't designed to provide money for non-essentials such as entertainment, vacations, gifts or eating out. It is designed to ensure that you can maintain a roof over your heads, put food on the table and maintain payments for essentials.

Figuring out how much you need to save requires answers to a few questions, as the amount of savings depends to a large extent on individual situations. What is your level of debt? Do you have dependents? Is your spouse employed at the same company? Is your occupation one for which there is usually a demand, so any period of unemployment is likely to be short term? Or will you be faced with the possibility of retraining in another field, which will mean substantial time and financial costs? Do you have other investments of a sufficient amount that you could access if need be? Do you have family who would be likely to help out? The general rule is that you should have at least three to six months of living expenses in your emergency fund.

Goodbye Taxman

Until the advent of the tax-free savings account (TFSA), the amounts saved in these rainy-day funds always generated interest that was fully taxable. The TFSA provides a great savings vehicle for an emergency fund and there will be no tax on the interest! With a couple both building savings of $5,000 per year each in a TFSA, there will be a solid basis of an emergency fund right there. If you feel the RRSP is more important, taking the tax refund generated by the RRSP contribution and putting it into the TFSA allows accumulation of assets that are all tax sheltered.

RRSP versus TFSA versus Debt Management

It’s the time of year where we all make (and break) New Year’s Resolutions. Two top resolutions are weight loss and saving money and many of us have already broken their resolutions already. (In my case the diet – but I’m back on it.)

The question I am often asked is if I don’t have the cash flow to save as much as I should – where should I put my money? The answer is different for each of us, but the process to decide what is optimal remains the same. There are six basic steps:
1. Set Short and Long Term Goals and prioritize them
2. Know where you stand – put all of your personal insurance, group insurance, bank statements, savings statements, RRSP, pay slips, pension information, tax information, credit card statements and mortgage information in one place so that you can review them easily
3. Review this information with a financial planner – for both short and long term planning purposes
4. Develop a personalized plan – this may involve adjusting your spending and savings patterns – but you may learn that you are on track and don’t need to make any adjustments
5. Implement the plan
6. Monitor and Review the plan on a regular basis

I can help you to analyze your current situation, to develop a plan, to implement a plan, or simply to provide you with some tools that will enable you to do it yourself. (Be aware, that much like the DIY shows on TV that happen in a magical 30 minutes, financial planning is harder than it looks.)

Jonathan Chevreau once tweeted that a financial plan is Eliminate debt. Cut up plastic. Join pension. Buy home. Pay it off. Spend little. Save tons. Invest wisely. Be tax smart. Marry for life. Unfortunately, we don’t all live in a perfect place. However, we can all develop a perfect plan for our current situation.

Give me a call and we can set up an appointment.

Five suggestions for what to do with your tax refund

Last year, the average Canadian got back approximately $1,400 on their 2008 income taxes.

Tina Di Vito, director, retirement strategies, BMO Financial Group, offers the following advice on how to make the most efficient use of your 2009 tax refund:

“Maximizing your 2010 income tax refund by contributing to your RRSP this year is always a good option,” says Di Vito.

“However, depending on your personal situation, there may be several ways to make the most efficient use of the money you get back. Meet with a financial planner to determine the best approach for you.”

Pay down RRSP loans

If you took out an investment loan to maximize your RRSP contribution and generated a larger refund, you should use your tax refunds to pay down the loan.

Pay down credit card debt

High interest on some credit cards can eat away at savings. Reduce the cost of credit by using your tax refund to reduce or pay down your credit card balances, targeting the highest rates first and transferring the balances to a lower rate credit card.

Lump sum mortgage payment

If you have a mortgage, it may be good idea to use your tax refund to make a lump sum payment. Applied directly to the principal, a lump some payment could save you thousands of dollars in interest costs over the life of the mortgage.

Top-up a TFSA

If you are not carrying any extra debt, contribute to a Tax-Free Savings Account (TFSA) to let you grow your money tax free. If you who maxed out your TFSA contribution in 2009 you have room for an additional $5,000 this year.

Save for education

Saving for a child’s education can be an expensive thing. Contributing to a Registered Education Savings Plan (RESP) can help alleviate some of the pressure that all parents feel when planning for their children’s future. If you have children, you should consider opening an RESP using their income tax refund. A $2,500 dollar contribution to an RESP can earn a $500 grant from the government. By maximizing contributions every year, you could earn up to $7,200 in grants for every child.

from BMO offers advice on how to maximize the return of tax refunds

Tax Planning Strategies

Give me a call for more information about any of these points.

Newly announced changes to CPP, increases to small business deductions, and eco-friendly grants have ushered in fresh opportunities to maximize tax refunds.

Thanks to significant changes in 2008 and 2009, in addition to dependable, long-standing tax planning strategies you now have many approaches to defer taxes and save and for years to come.

Are you green?

EcoEnergy retrofit program
Are you going "green" at home? Cash grants are available to homeowners making eco-friendly renovations to their residences. The annual grant (up to $5,000 with a lifetime maximum of $500,000 is based on the effectiveness the upgrade—not the cost. The home must be assessed by a certified Natural Resources Canada energy advisor in order to be eligible. Check out www.ecoactic gc.ca for more information.

Public transit passes
A non-refundable, eco-friendly tax credit is available for dedicated public transit riders. Total annual costs for travel passes one week or longer are multiplied by the lowest personal tax rate to calculate the credit.

Thinking about Retirement?

Retirement income
In June 2009, the federal government announced significant changes to how the Canada Pension Plan (CPP) will be paid out to Canadians. Effective January 2012, you will no longer have to prove that they've stopped working in order to receive CPP benefits. This new rule could be beneficial to seniors who ease slowly into retirement through part-time and consulting work.

The collection of CPP benefits will continue to be available as early as age 60 and as late as age 70. But the recommended changes will reduce benefits received prior to age 65 by 6% per year as opposed to the current 5%. They will also increase benefits received after age 65 by 7% versus 5% beginning January 2011 for those selecting later retirement, and starting January 2012 for those selecting earlier retirement.

Until January 2012, though, it’s still a good idea to select earlier retirement whenever possible. After that, the decision to apply for CPP early and accept the lower income should be based on other factors such as whether your client needs the income to cover lifestyle expenses and longevity in their family.

Corporations and income splitting

Small business deduction increase
The 2009 federal budget increased the small business deduction to $500,000 from $400,000. Several provinces have also raised their deduction limit to match. The increased deduction increases the amount of business income earned by Canadian-controlled private corporations that can be taxed at lower rates.

Salary to spouse can increase retirement income
Many corporation owners already take advantage of the ability to split income by paying their spouse a salary. Take further advantage of this opportunity by increasing your spouse's salary to the Yearly Maximum Pensionable Earnings (YMPE), which this year is $47,200. This simple step will increase the spouse's opportunity to earn the maximum available CPP income in retirement as well as the higher RRSP contribution room created by the extra income.

Personal and corporate savings
When the higher-income-earning spouse owns a holding company and makes the majority of the income, they should plan ahead for income splitting in retirement. Maximizing contributions to the lower-income spouse's spousal and personal RRSP while saving the balance to the holding company (owned solely by the higher-income-earning spouse) will allow for tax-deferral and reduced taxation pre-retirement. Retirement income from the corporation will be attributed to one spouse and Registered Retirement Income Fund income can be attributed to the other, allowing for reduced individual taxation.

Loans to family members
The CRA’s prescribed interest rate for family loans fell to 1% in April 2009 and continues to cruise at a low altitude (rates change every quarter, so look these up). Locking in a family loan at this low rate and thereby shifting income earned on the investment of these funds to a spouse or other family member—including a minor child—who has little or no other income could provide significant tax savings for your clients. Ensure that any loan is governed by a written agreement outlining repayment terms as well as the interest rate at the time of the loan to ensure attribution rules do not apply.

Tax credits and grants

First-time Home Buyers’ Tax Credit
Worth up to S750, this credit applies to all homes purchased after Jan. 27, 2009. The credit is calculated by multiplying the lowest personal income tax rate by $5000. The first time home buyer (and spouse) must not have owned a home for any of the four preceding years. If the home buyer qualifies for the Disability Tax Credit (DTC), they do not have to meet this rule to qualify for the credit

Capital losses
The recent economic turmoil may provide a tax-savings opportunity. Capital losses in stock portfolios may allow you to claim back some of the taxes you paid on capital gains in sunnier times.

Transfer of unused tax credits to spouse
Some non-refundable tax credits can be transferred to a spouse if you are unable to claim them. Do not allow those credits to go to waste. Transferring the credits for age amount, pension income amount, disability amount, and tuition and education amounts to a spouse will maximize the tax savings available to the whole family.

Tax-efficient accounts

Open a Registered Disability Savings Plan
The Registered Disability Savings Plan (RDSP) provides individuals with disabilities, and their family members, the opportunity to save in a tax-deferred environment. Like a Registered Education Savings Plan (RESP), the RDSP tax-shelters the invested funds until withdrawal. Anyone eligible for the DTC may establish an RDSP. Parents and guardians can establish RDSPs on behalf of minor children. The maximum lifetime contribution limit is $200,000, but there is no annual contribution limit. The Canada Disability Savings Grant and the Canada Disability Savings Bond provide additional contributions to RDSPs for those who pass the income tests. More information on this useful plan is available at www.rdsp.com and www.plan.ca.

RRSPs and Spousal RRSPs
You know them and you love them. The RRSP may be a comparatively old dog, but it's loyal and dependable. Encourage the higher-income-earning spouse with the greatest contribution room to contribute to a spousal RRSP. Whilethe federal government now allows income splitting on RRIF income, one never knows when a tax law could be repealed.

Tax-Free Savings Accounts
Maximum annual contributions are $5,000, with no lifetime limit. While contributions are not tax-deductible, the growth is tax-sheltered and funds from the account can be withdrawn tax-free at any time. What's best is that withdrawals create new contribution room the following year; with an RRSP, if the client's contribution is used, it's gone, regardless of withdrawals. Withdrawals will also not affect eligibility for federal tax credits or income-tested benefits, something seniors who benefit from pension income credits and Old Age Security will want to be aware of.

Adapted from an article published March 2010 in AE Report

Propsed Federal Budget March 4, 2010

It's being touted as a jobs and growth budget, with neither tax increases nor major new tax relief. Aside from some targeted measures that should benefit the disabled, charities and families, there's little to attract the attention of advisors in Finance Minister Jim Flaherty's latest economic blueprint.

"The government was pretty clear that there weren't going to be any significant tax giveaways or special spending and true to their word, there really isn't much here to write home about," says Doug Carroll, vice president, tax and estate planning at Invesco Trimark, who was in the Ottawa budget lock-up with Advisor.ca.

Still, Carroll says there are a number of minor, but useful adjustments to Ottawa's taxation rules included in Thursday's budget.

Improving the RDSP
Changes to the Registered Disability Savings Plan (RDSP) will allow a ten-year carry forward of Canada Disability Savings Grant and Canada Disability Savings Bond entitlements "in recognition of the fact that families of children with disabilities may not be able to contribute regularly to their plans," the budget documents state.

"The carry over otherwise would have been lost from year to year," says Carroll. "So if the financial circumstances are such that you can't start up an RDSP at an earlier age, when you start up later, the accumulated amount will be available to catch up. It won't go back any earlier than when the RDSP program was implemented [in 2007]. But if they decide they are not in a position to open up an RDSP today, they know they are not giving up on the grant and bond money altogether."
(For an example, see Benefits of the RDSP Carry Forward below)

The carry forward is estimated to come with a price tag of $20 million in 2010-11, and $70 million in 2011-12. In addition, current RRSP rollover rules will be extended to allow a rollover of a deceased individual's RRSP proceeds to the RDSP of a financially dependent infirm child or grandchild.

"They won't attract the bonds or grants on this rollover and it will reduce the contribution room, but it does provide an additional source of money for funding up an RDSP for parents who are concerned about making choices: Should I be funding the RDSP or should I be putting money into my own RRSP?" Carroll explains. "This allows parents a little more flexibility and the knowledge that they can eventually get that money rolled over into their RDSP."

Payments made to an RDSP or to a Registered Education Savings Plan through a program funded by a province will be treated the same way as federal grants, meaning they will not be eligible for federal grants or bonds.


Help for charities
Ottawa is proposing to basically scrap the disbursement quota, introduced in the 1970s and intended to ensure a significant portion of a charity's resources be devoted to charitable purposes. Specifically, the amount a charity spends each year on charitable activities must be at least the sum of 80% of the previous year's donations (the charitable expenditure rule) and 3.5% of all assets (the capital accumulation rule).

Charities argued the rules imposed a complex and costly administrative burden. This year's budget proposes to eliminate the charitable expenditure rule and to modify the capital accumulation rule.

"The budget suggests that the government is comfortable that the Canada Revenue Agency's ability to monitor charities may very well be sufficient; that taking away the disbursement quota will not mean that those charities will either intentionally or unintentionally abuse their status as charities," Carroll notes.

The removal of the quota will be helpful for charities, he adds, allowing them to do what they want without having the overlay of regulatory monitoring on their day-to-day activities.

"From an estate-planning standpoint, this could very well change how people decide they are going to make a donation to a charity," Carroll says, because the disbursement quota will no longer be an issue that has to be worked around. "Estate planners will be looking at this part of the budget very carefully, particularly for high net worth clients who may be making large donations and looking at ways to make those donations more effective."


Child care support
Ottawa is also changing the rules regarding the Universal Child Care Benefit (UCCB) so that single parents receive comparable tax treatment to two-parent families.

"When there are two parents, the UCCB is taxed to the lower income parent, when you are a single parent you could be facing higher effective taxation on that benefit," says Carroll. Under the budget proposals, single parents will be allowed to include the benefit as part of the income of the dependent child. "In most cases, that child will not be taxed, so that should assist single parents, who are dealing with different issues than two-parent families."

For 2010, Ottawa estimates, the change will provide up to $168 in tax relief for single parents with one child under six years of age. In shared-custody situations, the UCCB taxable benefit will be split between the two parents.


Closing loopholes
The budget contains several initiatives Ottawa says will protect the integrity of the Canadian tax system; essentially the closing of tax loopholes. For instance, new rules on stock options are intended to address tax planning practices which have allowed stock-based employment benefits to escape taxation when such options are cashed out.

"Stock options are not supposed to be tax-free," Flaherty said at a news conference, noting Ottawa loses as much as $300 million a year in tax revenues from "a loophole used by some relatively well-off people."

Ottawa will also begin consultations on a new reporting regime for so-called aggressive tax avoidance schemes.

The bigger picture
Flaherty's decision not to increase taxes, and to hold the line on scheduled future personal and corporate tax reductions, will have an impact on government coffers.

Personal income tax revenues, the largest portion of budgetary revenues, are projected to decline to $108.2 billion in 2009-10, down $7.8 billion or 6.7%. Corporate tax revenues will drop even more: 24.3% to $22.3 billion. Flaherty doesn't appear to be worried.

"Unlike other countries, we are in a position to ensure our deficit will be temporary," the minister said in his budget speech. "We can meet our current needs without jeopardizing our long-term growth. Reducing the tax burden is a key part of Canada's advantage in the global economy."

This and that
The thorny and perennial issue of a national securities regulator appears to be moving forward. The government says it will release draft securities legislation this spring, to be considered by the Supreme Court of Canada, which in turn will offer an opinion on whether Ottawa has the constitutional authority to enact and implement a federal securities regulatory regime.

A transition office is scheduled to provide an organizational plan for a new national regulator by the summer.

The Red Tape Reduction Commission — an initiative described by one reporter as "Monty Python-esque" — will be established to review federal regulations in areas where reform is needed to reduce the compliance burden. The Canadian Federation of Independent Business estimates that businesses in Canada spend more than $30 billion per year complying with regulations.

Finally, the government will introduce legislation to enable credit unions to incorporate and operate federally.

US Social Security Benefits
Prior to 1996, Canadian residents receiving US social security benefits were only required to include 50% of these benefits in income, pursuant to the Canada-United States Income Tax Convention. Tax changes in 1996 increased the inclusion rate for these benefits to 85%. The Budget proposes to reinstate the 50% inclusion rate for Canadian residents who have been in receipt of US social security benefits since before January 1, 1996 and for their spouses and common-law partners who are eligible to receive survivor benefits. This measure will apply to US social security benefits received on or after January 1, 2010.


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Budget 2010: Benefits of the RDSP Carry Forward
Roger, a low-income adult who has been eligible for the Disability Tax Credit his whole life, opens a Registered Disability Savings Plan (RDSP) in 2011.

In each of 2008 (the year RDSPs became available), 2009, 2010 and 2011, Rogers will have accumulated $500 in grant entitlements at a 300% matching rate, $1,000 in grant entitlements at a 200% matching rate and $1,000 in Canada Disability Savings Bond (CDSB) entitlements based on his family income.

When Rogers opens his RDSP in 2011, his RDSP will automatically receive $4,000 in CDSBs.

After the RDSP is opened, Roger's family contributes $400 to his plan in 2011, for which his RDSP receives $1,200 in Canada Disability Savings Grants (CDSG). Roger carries forward $1,600 in unused grant entitlements at the 300% rate and $4,000 in unused grant entitlements at the 200% rate. When these unused entitlements are added to his grant entitlement for 2012, Roger has $2,100 in grant entitlements at the 300% matching rate and $5,000 in grant entitlements at the 200% matching rate.

In 2012, Roger's family contributes $3,000 to his RDSP. The first $2,100 of this contribution uses up Roger's grant entitlements at the 300% matching rate. The next $900 is matched at the 200% matching rate. In total, Roger's RDSP receives $8,100 in CDSGs in 2012. In addition, his RDSP receives a CDSB of $1,000 based in his bond entitlements for 2012.

Doug Watt / March 04, 2010 – advisor.ca

TFSA or RRSP? Which should you use?

Which mix of savings vehicles is right for you? There are Registered Retirement Savings Plans (RRSPs)and Tax-Free Savings Accounts (TFSAs. Determining which savings plan, or combination of savings plans, is best depends on your personal situation and your objectives.

Until 2009, most Canadians held their retirement savings in an RRSP, where they could claim a deduction for their contributions and then defer tax on withdrawals until retirement. The introduction of TFSAs has provided another powerful savings vehicle that allows investment growth to accumulate and be withdrawn at any time tax-free. Unlike an RRSP, you cannot claim a tax deduction for the contributions you make to a TFSA. On the plus side, if you need to withdraw money from your TFSA, you have an opportunity to replace that money because all TFSA withdrawals are added back to your unused contribution room in the following year.

The Savings Dilemma

If you are saving for retirement, then you may be torn between an RRSP and a TFSA. Ideally, you would maximize contributions to both, but if that's not an option here are some thoughts to consider.

Whether the best choice is to save in an RRSP or a TFSA depends on your savings needs, as well as your current and expected future financial situation and income level.

Generally, an RRSP is used for saving for retirement, while a TFSA can be used for both saving for retirement and other shorter-term purchases. Because TFSA withdrawals are added back to your available TFSA contribution room in the following year, there is very little downside to using your TFSA savings for mid-sized to large purchases.

If you are in a low tax bracket, saving in a TFSA may be more advantageous than saving in an RRSP since TFSA withdrawals have no impact on federal income-tested benefits and credits such as child tax benefits and Old Age Security. On the other hand, RRSPs may be a better option if your tax rate at the time you contribute is higher than it will be when you withdraw your savings. You'll benefit from a tax deduction when you make your contribution and withdrawals will be taxed at your lower future rate. If the reverse is true, a TFSA can provide better results.

Would you like to receive a table that outlines the differences in these plans? Send me an email.

Tax Deadlines are Looming

Plan now to reduce your 2009 taxes

If you're like many people, you're probably waiting until April to start thinking about your taxes. However, by the time taxes are due, it's usually too late to realize tax-saving opportunities.

Now is the time to determine whether there are any tax breaks you can take advantage of, by acting before the end of the year. With this in mind, there are a number of tax-related questions and issues we may need to discuss soon, so that you get the most out of this tax year. For example:

Are you giving to charity? Three years ago, the Conservative government eliminated the tax on "in-kind" donations of securities, mutual funds and segregated funds to registered charities. If you're planning to give cash, property or securities, it is important to make sure that all donations are made by December 31 in order to realize the tax benefits on your 2009 return.

Do you have any non-registered mutual fund purchases planned? Many mutual funds distribute their earnings at the end of the year, so investors who purchase them in December will be liable for taxes on those earnings as if they had been invested for the entire year. We can get an estimate of this year's distributions to determine whether it is worthwhile to postpone non-registered mutual fund purchases until January.

Did you open a tax-free savings account? Tax-free savings accounts came into effect on January 1 of this year. Hopefully you’ve already opened one, but if not, it's time to activate one now. You can save up to $5,000 in a variety of investment options and, if you need those dollars at any point, you can pull them out tax-free.

Can you benefit from tax-loss selling? With most portfolios taking a hit this year, there's a good chance you could take advantage of tax-loss selling. In short, losses on certain assets — mainly stocks — can be offset against capital gains that were realized during the previous three years. Now's the time to review your portfolio and determine whether there are any equities for which you should lock in the losses before year-end.

In addition, final payments must be made before December 31 in order to claim a tax deduction in 2009 for various items, including alimony payments, child-care expenses, interest expenses on money borrowed to earn investment income, and investment counseling fees.

If you would like to book an appointment to discuss these or other potential tax-saving strategies, please don't hesitate to contact me directly.